Phonological neighborhoods and phonetic similarity in Japanese word recognition.
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TextDescription: 319 pISBN: 0493528180Subject(s): Language, Linguistics | 0290Dissertation note: Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2002. Summary: This dissertation explores two aspects of spoken-word recognition in Japanese: representations of words stored in the lexicon and lexical word competition. The nature of lexical representations and lexical competition were explored by testing three different neighborhood density calculations in auditory naming, word identification in noise, and semantic categorization experiments with the same 700 target words. Neighborhood density is a measure of the number of similar words (“neighbors”) surrounding a word in the lexicon. However, definitions of neighbors vary depending on the definition of similarity used.Summary: The first calculation posits the situation where listeners rely on the are calculated in terms of the number of phonemes in common, as in the Greenberg-Jenkins calculations (Greenberg-Jenkins, 1964) as widely used in the English word recognition literature.Summary: The second neighborhood calculation include prosodic information as another dimension in the neighborhood calculation in order to reflect the finding that prosodic information plays a vital role in Japanese word recognition (Cutler & Otake, 1999). A similarity judgment experiment on pitch accent patterns was carried out and the results were implemented in the calculation.Summary: The third neighborhood calculation is designed to test exemplar-based models. In this calculation, neighborhood density was measured by comparing the similarity of cochleagrams of the 66000 audio files (the NTT psycho linguistic database, Amano & Kondo, 1999, 2000). Therefore, the word representation is an auditory representation in which all segmental and prosodic information is available. In this calculation, as in the GNM (General Neighborhood Model; Bailey & Hahn, 2000), the words in the lexicon are considered as exemplars and they are mapped onto a psychological mental space.Summary: The results of the three experiments in this dissertation shed light on two aspects of lexical access. First, a lexical competition effect is confirmed in Japanese. There are also two types of lexical competition in auditory word representations and episodic representations need to be stored in the lexicon. Implications of these results for the current word recognition models are also discussed.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-01, Section: A, page: 0170.
Adviser: Keith Johnson.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2002.
This dissertation explores two aspects of spoken-word recognition in Japanese: representations of words stored in the lexicon and lexical word competition. The nature of lexical representations and lexical competition were explored by testing three different neighborhood density calculations in auditory naming, word identification in noise, and semantic categorization experiments with the same 700 target words. Neighborhood density is a measure of the number of similar words (“neighbors”) surrounding a word in the lexicon. However, definitions of neighbors vary depending on the definition of similarity used.
The first calculation posits the situation where listeners rely on the are calculated in terms of the number of phonemes in common, as in the Greenberg-Jenkins calculations (Greenberg-Jenkins, 1964) as widely used in the English word recognition literature.
The second neighborhood calculation include prosodic information as another dimension in the neighborhood calculation in order to reflect the finding that prosodic information plays a vital role in Japanese word recognition (Cutler & Otake, 1999). A similarity judgment experiment on pitch accent patterns was carried out and the results were implemented in the calculation.
The third neighborhood calculation is designed to test exemplar-based models. In this calculation, neighborhood density was measured by comparing the similarity of cochleagrams of the 66000 audio files (the NTT psycho linguistic database, Amano & Kondo, 1999, 2000). Therefore, the word representation is an auditory representation in which all segmental and prosodic information is available. In this calculation, as in the GNM (General Neighborhood Model; Bailey & Hahn, 2000), the words in the lexicon are considered as exemplars and they are mapped onto a psychological mental space.
The results of the three experiments in this dissertation shed light on two aspects of lexical access. First, a lexical competition effect is confirmed in Japanese. There are also two types of lexical competition in auditory word representations and episodic representations need to be stored in the lexicon. Implications of these results for the current word recognition models are also discussed.
School code: 0168.
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