Mortality burden of disease and injury: Concepts, methods, and applications.
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TextDescription: 158 pISBN: 0599858109Subject(s): Health Sciences, Public Health | Health Sciences, Health Care Management | 0573 | 0769Dissertation note: Thesis (Dr.P.H.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2000. Summary: Local health departments frequently lack basic population-based data to inform public health debates and to assess priorities for improving community and population health. Consequently, scarce resources may not be directed to the populations with greatest health need and potential to benefit. Local health departments face many health data challenges that impede evidenced-based public health decisions and practices. This thesis addresses this need. First, concepts and methods for measuring the burden of human disease and injury are reviewed. Second, to demonstrate the methodological use of these basic concepts, continuous and discrete-time Markov Chain models were developed and used to derive and apply model equations to common competing risk processes in public health. Third, adapting methods from the World Health Organization Global Burden of Disease Study, standard expected years of life lost were used to rank the leading causes of premature death in San Francisco and its neighborhoods. To inform health planners, attribution fraction methods were used to link the leading causes of premature death to important underlying determinants. Fourth, an Internet site was developed and implemented on the World Wide Web to increase community and policymaker access to the burden of disease and injury results. Finally, to share and promote these population health assessment methods and tools, the <italic>EpiTools.Net</italic> Web site was developed and implemented. <italic>EpiTools.Net</italic> is an interactive, expandable, and educational Web site with tools developed by and for local health department epidemiologists. The goals are to make the basic tools of epidemiology available around the world, and to promote evidence-based public health practices.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-07, Section: B, page: 3535.
Chair: Ira B. Tager.
Thesis (Dr.P.H.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2000.
Local health departments frequently lack basic population-based data to inform public health debates and to assess priorities for improving community and population health. Consequently, scarce resources may not be directed to the populations with greatest health need and potential to benefit. Local health departments face many health data challenges that impede evidenced-based public health decisions and practices. This thesis addresses this need. First, concepts and methods for measuring the burden of human disease and injury are reviewed. Second, to demonstrate the methodological use of these basic concepts, continuous and discrete-time Markov Chain models were developed and used to derive and apply model equations to common competing risk processes in public health. Third, adapting methods from the World Health Organization Global Burden of Disease Study, standard expected years of life lost were used to rank the leading causes of premature death in San Francisco and its neighborhoods. To inform health planners, attribution fraction methods were used to link the leading causes of premature death to important underlying determinants. Fourth, an Internet site was developed and implemented on the World Wide Web to increase community and policymaker access to the burden of disease and injury results. Finally, to share and promote these population health assessment methods and tools, the <italic>EpiTools.Net</italic> Web site was developed and implemented. <italic>EpiTools.Net</italic> is an interactive, expandable, and educational Web site with tools developed by and for local health department epidemiologists. The goals are to make the basic tools of epidemiology available around the world, and to promote evidence-based public health practices.
School code: 0028.
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